This is my attempt to summarize the slides from Sean Carroll’s recent debate with WLC where he very quickly skimmed through eleven (11) lines of evidence which favor naturalism over theism. I don’t claim this is perfectly accurate; any corrections would be welcome and, in fact, appreciated!

Facet	Theism (Theistic Prediction)	Naturalism (Naturalistic Prediction)	Lowder’s Comments
Amount of Tuning	Just Enough	Sometimes too much (e.g., entropy). A natural mechanism could incredibly over-tune in a way that has nothing to do with the existence of life. The entropy of the early universe is much, much, much, much lower than it needs to be to allow for life.	New Argument
Parameters of Particle Physics	Enough to allow life to exist and have some structure that was designed for some reason	Random and a mess	Not sure what this was about — I had a hard time transcribing this one
Role of Life	Life to play a special role in the universe	Life is very insignificant in the universe. Photo from Hubble Space Telescope of hundreds of galaxies.The theistic explanation for cosmological fine-tuning asks you to look at this picture and say, “I know why it’s like that. It’s because I was going to be here. Or we were going to be here.” But there is nothing in the universe that justifies the sort of flattering story we like to tell about ourselves.	Very similar to arguments from scale.
Evidence	God should be obvious.	God hides from us.	Nonculpable Nonbelief (aka Divine Hiddenness)
World Religions	Religious beliefs universal	Multiple competing religions	Religious Confusion
Doctrinal stability	Eternal, unchanging	Affected by social progress	New Argument (This is arguably a more specific fact about religious confusion.)
Moral teachings	Transcendent, progressive	Inconsistent, tribal	Ethical Confusion
Sacred Texts	Valuable information	Mishmash of really good parts, boring parts, really bad parts	New Argument (not sure I transcribed this accurately)
Design	Biological forms designed	Biological forms result from twists and turns of evolutionary history	Evidential Argument from Biological Evolution
Minds	Minds should be independent of bodies	Personality should change if you’re injured, tired, or you haven’t had your cup of coffee yet	Evidential Argument from Physical Minds
Problem of Evil	No random suffering; life should be essentially just	The universe is not just/perfect; it should be kind of a mess.	Evidential Argument from Evil